【要聞中心/綜合報導】美中經貿高層今天(12日)發布聯合聲明:美中雙方互相降低加徵關稅,目前美國對大多數中國進口商品課徵的145%關稅稅率,將在5月14日前降至30%,其中包含與芬太尼相關稅率;中國對美國商品徵收的125%關稅稅率,則將降至10%。

在傳出美中同意大幅降低關稅的消息後,國際油價今天應聲飆漲逾3%。西德州中級原油上漲3.6%,來到63.24美元;布倫特原油飆漲3.4%,來到66.11美元。香港股市恆生指數聞訊一度勁揚762.94點或3.34%,來到23630.68點。美元兌日圓匯價升值1.5%,來到1美元兌147.62日圓;美元兌歐元匯價升值1.2%,來到1.1113美元兌1歐元。

美國財政部長貝森特(Scott Bessent)表示:「我們就芬太尼的未來措施,進行非常深入且有成果的討論。」「我們已經達成90天暫緩、大幅調降關稅水準的協議。在對等關稅的雙方將把各自的關稅降低115%。」雙方還同意「建立一套機制,持續討論經濟與貿易關係。」

根據聲明,雙方的協商由中國副總理何立峰、美國財長貝森特與美國貿易代表葛里爾(Jamieson Greer)主導。美中經貿高層會談,於5月10日至11日在瑞士日內瓦舉行。

聲明還補充說:「這些討論,可在中國和美國輪流進行,或經雙方同意在第三國進行。雙方可依據要求,就相關經貿問題進行工作等級的商談。」

這項聲明被視為緩和中美雙方關稅戰的第一步,這場關稅戰導致美中貿易劇減。美中談判代表在11日於日內瓦結束會談後,曾表示雙方談判取得「實質性進展」,此一消息激勵美股期指和亞股大漲。

新華社報導,中美認識到雙邊經貿關係,對兩國和全球經濟的重要性;認識到可持續的、長期的、互利的雙邊經貿關係的重要性。鑑於雙方近期的討論,相信持續的協商,有助於解決雙方在經貿領域關切的問題。雙方將本著相互開放、持續溝通、合作和相互尊重的精神,繼續推進相關工作。

以下為美國白宮發布的中美經貿聯合聲明全文原文及中文翻譯:

The Government of the United States of America (the “United States”) and the Government of the People’s Republic of China (“China”),

Recognizing the importance of their bilateral economic and trade relationship to both countries and the global economy;

Recognizing the importance of a sustainable, long-term, and mutually beneficial economic and trade relationship;

Reflecting on their recent discussions and believing that continued discussions have the potential to address the concerns of each side in their economic and trade relationship; and

Moving forward in the spirit of mutual opening, continued communication, cooperation, and mutual respect;

The Parties commit to take the following actions by May 14, 2025:

The United States will (i) modify the application of the additional ad valorem rate of duty on articles of China (including articles of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and the Macau Special Administrative Region) set forth in Executive Order 14257 of April 2, 2025, by suspending 24 percentage points of that rate for an initial period of 90 days, while retaining the  remaining ad valorem rate of 10 percent on those articles pursuant to the terms of said Order; and (ii) removing the modified additional ad valorem rates of duty on those articles imposed by Executive Order 14259 of April 8, 2025 and Executive Order 14266 of April 9, 2025.

China will (i) modify accordingly the application of the additional ad valorem rate of duty on articles of the United States set forth in Announcement of the Customs Tariff Commission of the State Council No. 4 of 2025, by suspending 24 percentage points of that rate for an initial period of 90 days, while retaining the remaining additional ad valorem rate of 10 percent on those articles, and removing the modified additional ad valorem rates of duty on those articles imposed by Announcement of the Customs Tariff Commission of the State Council No. 5 of 2025 and Announcement of the Customs Tariff Commission of the State Council No. 6 of 2025; and (ii) adopt all necessary administrative measures to suspend or remove the non-tariff countermeasures taken against the United States since April 2, 2025.

After taking the aforementioned actions, the Parties will establish a mechanism to continue discussions about economic and trade relations. The representative from the Chinese side for these discussions will be He Lifeng, Vice Premier of the State Council, and the representatives from the U.S. side will be Scott Bessent, Secretary of the Treasury, and Jamieson Greer, United States Trade Representative. These discussions may be conducted alternately in China and the United States, or a third country upon agreement of the Parties. As required, the two sides may conduct working-level consultations on relevant economic and trade issues.

美國政府(以下簡稱「美國」)和中華人民共和國政府(以下簡稱「中國」)

承認其雙邊經濟貿易關係對兩國和全球經濟的重要性; 承認可持續、長期和互利的經濟貿易關係的重要性; 回顧近期討論,並相信持續討論有可能解決雙方在經濟貿易關係中的關切;以及 本著相互開放、持續溝通、合作和相互尊重的精神向前邁進;

雙方承諾在 2025 年 5 月 14 日前採取以下行動:

美國將 (i) 修改 2025 年 4 月 2 日第 14257 號行政命令中規定的對中國商品(包括香港特別行政區和澳門特別行政區的商品)額外從價關稅稅率的適用,將該稅率降低 24 個百分點,初步期限為 90 天,同時根據該命令的條款,對這些商品保留剩餘 10% 的從價關稅稅率;以及 (ii) 取消 2025 年 4 月 8 日第 14259 號行政命令和 2025 年 4 月 9 日第 14266 號行政命令對這些商品徵收的經修改的額外從價關稅稅率。

中國將 (i) 相應修改國務院關稅稅則委員會 2025 年第 4 號公告中規定的對美國商品額外從價關稅稅率的適用,將該稅率降低 24 個百分點,初步期限為 90 天,同時對這些商品保留剩餘 10% 的額外從價關稅稅率,並取消國務院關稅稅則委員會 2025 年第 5 號公告和國務院關稅稅則委員會 2025 年第 6 號公告對這些商品徵收的經修改的額外從價關稅稅率;以及 (ii) 採取一切必要的行政措施,暫停或取消自 2025 年 4 月 2 日以來對美國採取的非關稅反制措施。

在採取上述行動後,雙方將建立一個機制,繼續討論經濟貿易關係。中方代表將是國務院副總理何立峰,美方代表將是財政部長史考特·貝森特和美國貿易代表傑米森·格里爾。這些討論可以在中國和美國輪流進行,或經雙方同意在第三國進行。根據需要,雙方可以就相關經濟貿易問題進行工作層面的磋商。